Introduction
Introduction
Men’s health is often overlooked, especially in primary care. This includes community pharmacy settings. Many men are reluctant to talk about urinary changes, sexual health or fatigue – often because of embarrassment or stigma. Pharmacy technicians can play a vital role in breaking down these barriers.
By being approachable, recognising key symptoms and supporting pharmacists in giving safe and effective care, all pharmacy team members can make a real difference to men’s health.
From helping men to feel comfortable in the consultation room to signposting them for GP review if necessary, community pharmacy teams are in a unique position to support the early detection of prostate problems, and encourage men to lead healthier lifestyles.
Prostate problems
The prostate is a walnutsized gland located just below the bladder. Its main role is producing seminal fluid, which carries sperm. Problems with the prostate are very common as men get older.
Typical symptoms associated with prostate issues include:
- Needing to pass urine more, often at night
- Feeling the urge to go quickly
- Difficulty starting or stopping urination
- Weak urine stream or dribbling
- Pain when urinating or during ejaculation
- Blood in urine or semen.
These symptoms can be linked to several conditions, including:
- Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH): noncancerous enlargement of the prostate
- Prostatitis: inflammation or infection of the prostate
- Prostate cancer: a malignant growth, usually slow growing but sometimes aggressive. Because symptoms often overlap, it is important that men with these issues are referred to the pharmacist and then onto their GP, if necessary, for proper assessment.
Pharmacy technicians should refer to the pharmacist men who report the following:
- Blood in urine, especially those over 45 years
- Ongoing urinary diffculties (urgency, hesitancy, weak stream, incomplete emptying)
- Erectile dysfunction (new or unexplained)
- Unexplained weight loss, tiredness or bone pain
- A family history of prostate or breast cancer.
Urgent referral is needed for visible blood in urine and acute urinary retention (sudden inability to pass urine).
Key points
- Men often delay seeking help for urinary or sexual symptoms. Be approachable and encourage referral when necessary
- Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is common and can usually be managed initially with lifestyle changes
- Blood in the urine or sudden urinary retention are urgent red flags – always refer promptly
- Acute prostatitis needs antibiotics, but some carry risks. Pharmacy technicians should ensure counselling is given
- The PSA test is useful but not perfect – results must be interpreted by a doctor
- Low testosterone causes fatigue, low mood and sexual problems. Treatment may help but requires close monitoring
- Pharmacy teams can improve men’s engagement through clear communication and creating a welcoming, friendly environment.