GSM

Genitourinary syndrome of the menopause (GSM) is a chronic progressive condition resulting from oestrogen deficiency. It affects the urogenital tissues including the vulva, vagina, bladder and urethra. GSM is very common, and often underdiagnosed and undertreated. Unlike many other symptoms of the menopause, it can worsen over time if not treated.

Systemic HRT can help manage all symptoms of the menopause, including GSM. However, urogenital symptoms persist in 10-25 per cent of women who take HRT.⁴ As a pharmacy professional, you need to be aware of treatment options including local oestrogen, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and lubricants and moisturisers that can help with local symptoms. Local vaginal oestrogen tablets are now available over-the-counter in community pharmacies.