Additional treatments

Oral analgesics can be used to relieve pain. Ibuprofen is popular because of its anti-inflammatory effect, which is useful if there is swelling.

However, it should not be used in the first 48 hours after an injury because it may delay healing. Oral NSAIDs like ibuprofen are also not suitable for some customers, including those who are pregnant. Where an oral NSAID is not suitable, paracetamol may be a better option.

Check with the pharmacist if you are unsure, and refer customers to the pharmacist if they want to use a topical and an oral NSAID at the same time.

Physiotherapy is a good way of strengthening the surrounding muscles and improving the range of motion of an injured joint. It can also speed up the return of normal functioning. Techniques including massage, manipulation and exercises are likely to be involved.  

Corticosteroid injections may be recommended for severe or persistent inflammation. They can be highly effective, but some people gain only temporary or minimal relief, and they can cause side effects.  

Supplements for joint health (e.g. glucosamine, omega-3, turmeric) are widely available. For glucosamine supplements, referral to the pharmacist is necessary for customers with underlying conditions such as diabetes, or those taking other medication, including anti-coagulant therapy.

Glucosamine should not be used by customers who have a shellfish allergy. Also note that pregnant women must not take any supplements containing vitamin A, including cod liver oil. Always refer pregnant customers requesting food supplements to the pharmacist.

Surgery is sometimes, although rarely, required for more serious injuries such as torn ligaments.

Signposting

• • Use your Counter Intelligence Plus training guide
  • Visit the national Back Association website: backcare.org.uk 
  • Learn more about joint pain here: nhs.uk/symptoms/joint-pain
  • Consult the British Red Cross for first aid advice: redcross.org.uk.