Gum disease, or gingivitis as it is also known, is a very common oral health condition €“ and it's especially prevalent in the UK. According to NHS Choices, gum disease affects 15-20 per cent of the world's population. In the UK, however, the figure is much higher, with half the adult population estimated to have some degree of gum disease and most people having experienced it at least once. Gum disease is caused by the build-up of plaque on the teeth. The bacteria in the plaque irritate the gums, causing inflammation and swelling. These swollen and irritated gums bleed more easily when the teeth are brushed. In fact, this bleeding may be the only sign that a person has gum disease. Other signs of gingivitis include bad breath or a bad taste in the mouth.

Gum disease is most likely to occur if there is poor oral hygiene, but it is also more common in smokers, people with diabetes and anyone with a weakened immune system. Untreated gum disease can become more severe and is called periodontitis. If the bacterial plaque spreads below the gumline, the inflammation affects not only the gums but also the jawbone and the ligaments that hold the teeth in place. If it is left to progress further, periodontitis can lead to loose teeth that may even fall out. Signs of periodontitis include:

• Bad breath
• A foul taste in the mouth
• Receding gums
• Sensitive teeth
• Pus or painful abscesses
• Teeth becoming loose or falling out