Thrush is an infection caused by a yeast-like organism called Candida albicans. This is a very common organism that is found naturally in the vagina of any healthy woman and its presence does not usually cause any symptoms. However, a change in the pH levels of the vagina may disturb the balance between candida and other organisms, allowing the candida to flourish. Thrush can occur as a result of the following:

• Taking antibiotics that alter bacteria levels in the vagina, allowing the candida to overdevelop
• Hormonal changes – e.g. from taking the contraceptive pill or in pregnancy
• Wearing tight or synthetic clothing – candida thrives in warm, moist conditions
• Damage to vaginal tissues because of a lack of lubrication during sexual intercourse or vigorous washing.

What are the symptoms?

Common symptoms are:

• Itching and soreness around the outside of the vagina, which may be worse at night
• A white, curd-like vaginal discharge, which is odourless
• A stinging sensation when passing urine
• Sometimes, pain during intercourse.

Sufferers of vaginal thrush should be referred to the pharmacist if they are pregnant or breastfeeding. Some women have repeated episodes of thrush and it is important for their GP to establish that the symptoms are really caused by thrush and not another vaginal condition.

Thrush can also occur in men, although it is far less common. Any male customer who presents with symptoms of thrush should always be referred to the pharmacist.